Learning Korean
My attempt at studying
9 notes
January 24, 2016Anonymous asked: Are these conjugation right? ^^ 읽다 --> 읽어요 많다 --> 많아요 넓다 --> 넓어요 thank you very much for the amazing work you are doing for us! 감사합니다 선생님!
Yep those are right!
((ㅋㅋㅋ 저는 아직 선생님이 아닌데요…))
Filed under anon asks asks
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Grammar Lesson 5:
Verb Tenses
How to make a present tense: you add "-아요 or -어요" to the basic form of the verbs
*ㅗ, ㅏ vowels go with -아요. ㅓ, ㅜ, ㅡ, ㅣ vowels go with -어요
보다 (see) 1. take out "다"
2. 보 ends with "ㅗ" so it goes with -아요
3. 보아요. In short, 봐요
가다 (go) 1. take out "다"
2. 가 ends with "ㅏ" so it goes with -아요
3. 가아요. In short, 가요
울다 (cry) 1. take out "다"
2. 울 ends with "ㅜ" vowel, so it goes with -어요
3. 울어요
읽다 (read) 1. take out "다"
2. 읽 ends with "l" vowel, so it goes with -어요
3. 읽어요
How to make a past tense: you add "ㅆ어요" to the conjugated form of the verbs
봐요 (see) will become 봤어요 (saw)
가요 (go) will become 갔어요 (went)
울어요 (cry) will become 울었어요 (cried)
읽어요 (read) will become 읽었어요 (read)
How to make a future tense: you add "ㄹ거예요 or 을 거예요 (when there's a bottom consonant on the verb)" to the basic form of the verbs
보다 (do) will become 볼거예요 (will do)
가다 (go) will become 갈 거예요 (will go)
울다 (cry) will become 울을 거예요 (will cry) *울 has a bottom consonant
읽다 (read) will become 읽을 거예요 (will read) *읽 has bottom consonants
* 하다 is an irregular verb which changes to 해요. There are a few irregular verbs which change a little differently than the rules.
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읽다
Korean
Verb
읽다•(ikda) (infinitive읽어, sequential읽으니)
- to read
Usage notes
As with other instances of final ㄺ, the pronunciation of the verb stem 읽 (ilk) changes when it is conjugated with an ending that begins with the initial ㄱ (g):
- 읽다 ― ikda ― to read
- 읽고있다 ― ilgoitda ― to be reading
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 읽다 (ikda)
| 읽 (ik) |
| 읽어 (ilgeo) |
| 읽으 (ilgeu) |
| Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | ||||
| Formal non polite (해라체) | Informal non polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | |
| Indicative | 읽는다 ingneunda past: 읽었다 ilgeotda | 읽어 ilgeo past: 읽었어 ilgeosseo | 읽어요 ilgeoyo past: 읽었어요 ilgeosseoyo | 읽습니다 ikseumnida past: 읽었습니다 ilgeotseumnida |
| Interrogative | 읽느냐 ingneunya past: 읽었느냐 ilgeonneunya | 읽어 ilgeo past: 읽었어 ilgeosseo | 읽어요 ilgeoyo past: 읽었어요 ilgeosseoyo | 읽습니까 ikseumnikka past: 읽었습니까 ilgeotseumnikka |
| hortative | 읽자 ikja | 읽어 ilgeo | 읽어요 ilgeoyo | 읽읍시다 ilgeupsida |
| imperative | 읽어라 ilgeora | 읽어 ilgeo | 읽어요 ilgeoyo | 읽읍시오 ilgeupsio |
| Assertive | 읽겠다 ilgetda | 읽겠어 ilgesseo | 읽겠어요 ilgesseoyo | 읽겠습니다 ilgetseumnida |
| Connective forms | ||||
| Cause/Reason | 읽어 ilgeo | 읽어서 ilgeoseo | 읽으니 ilgeuni | 읽으니까 ilgeunikka |
| Contrast | 읽지만 ikjiman | 읽는데 ingneunde | 읽더니 ikdeoni | |
| Conjunction | 읽고 ilgo | |||
| Condition | 읽으면 ilgeumyeon | 읽어야 ilgeoya | ||
| Motive | 읽으려고 ilgeuryeogo | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | ||||
| Verbal nouns | 읽음 ilgeum | 읽기 ilgi | ||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 읽었음 ilgeosseum | 읽었기 ilgeotgi | ||
| Determiners | past | 읽은 ilgeun | ||
| present | 읽는 ingneun | |||
| future | 읽을 ilgeul |
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | ||||
| Formal non polite (해라체) | Informal non polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | |
| Indicative | 읽으신다 ilgeusinda past: 읽으셨다 ilgeusyeotda | 읽으셔 ilgeusyeo past: 읽으셨어 ilgeusyeosseo | 읽으세요, 읽으셔요 ilgeuseyo, ilgeusyeoyo past: 읽으셨어요 ilgeusyeosseoyo | 읽으십니다 ilgeusimnida past: 읽으셨습니다 ilgeusyeotseumnida |
| Interrogative | 읽으시느냐 ilgeusineunya past: 읽으셨느냐 ilgeusyeonneunya | 읽으셔 ilgeusyeo past: 읽으셨어 ilgeusyeosseo | 읽으세요, 읽으셔요 ilgeuseyo, ilgeusyeoyo past: 읽으셨어요 ilgeusyeosseoyo | 읽으십니까 ilgeusimnikka past: 읽으셨습니까 ilgeusyeotseumnikka |
| imperative | 읽으시라 ilgeusira | 읽으셔 ilgeusyeo | 읽으세요 ilgeuseyo | 읽으십시오 ilgeusipsio |
| Assertive | 읽으시겠다 ilgeusigetda | 읽으시겠어 ilgeusigesseo | 읽으시겠어요 ilgeusigesseoyo | 읽으시겠습니다 ilgeusigetseumnida |
| Connective honforms with honorific | ||||
| Cause/Reason | 읽으셔 ilgeusyeo | 읽으셔서 ilgeusyeoseo | 읽으시니 ilgeusini | 읽으시니까 ilgeusinikka |
| Contrast | 읽으시지만 ilgeusijiman | 읽으시는데 ilgeusineunde | 읽으시더니 ilgeusideoni | |
| Conjunction | 읽으시고 ilgeusigo | |||
| Condition | 읽으시면 ilgeusimyeon | 읽으셔야 ilgeusyeoya | ||
| Motive | 읽으시려고 ilgeusiryeogo | |||
| Noun and determiner honforms with honorific | ||||
| Verbal nouns | 읽으심 ilgeusim | 읽으시기 ilgeusigi | ||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 읽으셨음 ilgeusyeosseum | 읽으셨기 ilgeusyeotgi | ||
| Determiners | past | 읽으신 ilgeusin | ||
| present | 읽으시는 ilgeusineun | |||
| future | 읽으실 ilgeusil |
Related terms
- 읽기 (ilgi)
- 읽혀지다 (ilkyeojida)
- 읽히다 (ilkida, “to cause to read”)